2024 Pico question examples women

Developing a Targeted Research Question. Examine your topic to identify the major concepts you need to conduct the best searches. Some useful ways to do this include: Background planning: think of the 5 W's and H for your topic: Who - are the stakeholders, population of interest, involved parties. What - are the issues, problems, needs.. Awb icons.ttf

Your full PICO question is: "Among hospitalized chronic smokers, does a brief educational nursing intervention lead to long term smoking cessation [when compared with no intervention]?" PICO Question ExamplesThe PICO(T) Chart provides an easy framework for integrating clinical information into the development of a research question. Students can complete the following worksheet, incorporating detailed information into each response. Decide what your research interest or topic is and then develop a research question to answer it.25 Clinical Questions and PICO. The use of PICO is very relevant in the construction of your clinical questions. Evidence-based nursing assignments demand you to structure your research questions in accordance with the PICO framework. The PICO framework is divided into four major elements. These elements will help you frame the background ...Aug 3, 2023 · PICO Question Examples It will be a time-consuming and difficult venture to identify the most appropriate resources and find relevant evidence without a well-focused question. PICO helps to form a question and facilitate quick and wider literature search.PICO framework helps to identify the main elements of a question and simplify writing a ... PICOT is different from a standard research question because it is a clinical question. It is composed of various elements that create a framework for research that typical research questions do not usually have. The goal or purpose of PICOT is to ultimately intervene in someone's healthcare. Focus on prevention.Therapy nursing PICOT questions examples include: 12. Use of negative pressure wound therapy on a diabetic patient with stage iii pressure ulcers compared with standard moist wound therapy. 13. Comparing the risks of developing breast cancer among women who use oral contraceptives with those who use IUDs. 14.The word PICOT is a mnemonic derived from the elements of a clinical research question – patient, intervention, comparison, outcome and (sometimes) time. The PICOT process begins with a case scenario, and the question is phrased to elicit an answer. “The question needs to identify the patient or population we intend to study, the ...Question: Should women give birth in the lithotomy position because its encourage from their doctors? Or is it more effective to deliver in other positions as their less likely to lead to delivers with forceps or a vacuum? Running head: NSG 410 PICOT RESEARCH QUESTION. References. DiFranco, J. T., & Curl, M. (2014). Jan 20, 2010 · Clinical questions could arise in situations such as the following: You become uncertain, during a patient encounter, about the desirability of a particular diagnostic or therapeutic choice. You encounter a product advertisement in a journal in which you are encouraged to purchase and use a particular technology for your patients. PICOT QUESTION PAPER: INFERTILITY Significance to Nursing In nursing, fertility is a process that begins from the second a woman states she is attempting to become pregnant but is having difficulty. Nurses are also educators, so a main component to treating a woman who has fertility issues is to make them aware of their options and issues. This is among the perfect PICOT question examples for falls. 2. The Prognosis or the Prediction. These questions are used in determining the possible complications that arise from a particular condition or the clinical course over a specific time frame. An example of an intervention PICOT questions is as follows:Clinical questions could arise in situations such as the following: You become uncertain, during a patient encounter, about the desirability of a particular diagnostic or therapeutic choice. You encounter a product advertisement in a journal in which you are encouraged to purchase and use a particular technology for your patients.It is important to note that there are different types or categories of PICOT questions. The category of your question can at times dictate the types of evidence that you are searching for. Determine in which category your question would best fit. Use the template to help you word it succinctly and correctly.“The question needs to identify the patient or population we intend to study, the intervention or treatment we plan to use, the comparison of one intervention to another (if applicable) and the outcome we anticipate,” Kathy A. Jensen, MHA, RN, wrote in EBSCO Health’s whitepaper, “7 Steps To The Perfect Pico Search.” “Once a well ... Systematic Review: A systematic review tries to identify, appraise, select and synthesize all RCTs (randomized control trials) relevant to a specific clinical question. . Stringent guidelines are set in order to draw a conclusion about whether or not there is conclusive evidence about a specfic treatment or toThis section includes the evidence summaries for each key question. It incorporates a summary of the included review for PICO question 1 and the results of the primary reviews (PICO questions 2–6), other relevant evidence (specifically, related guidelines and systematic reviews) and a summary of the evidence-to-decision framework.Jun 14, 2023 · A good PICO will be specific and define terms and outcomes if necessary. A good PICO will investigate something new in terms of diagnosis, etiology, therapy, harm, etc. A bad PICO is usually a background question disguised as a research question. For example, "what are the effects of Prilosec on patients taking immune suppressants" might seem ... Finally, you will click on a button and the PICOT Research Question Generator will present the following: Your PICOT question. Your null and alternative hypotheses. Your independent variable. Your dependent variable. The statistical test used to answer your PICOT question. It should take you less than five minutes to complete the web form below.Evidence-Based Nursing. Evidence-based nursing is the use of evidence in combination with the practitioner's expertise and nursing theory in order to make decisions about nursing patient care. It consists of 5 stages: Asking a question after assessing the patient. Acquire the evidence by finding literature to answer the question.2. Foreground questions are specific knowledge questions . that affect clinical decisions and ; include a broad range of biological, psychological, and sociological issues. Foreground questions are best suited to the PICO model as it captures the essential elements of your information need to help translate that question into a search query. To ...Aug 17, 2023 · Once you have the components of your PICOT formula, you can frame your question in 6 different ways depending on the goal/target, the nursing practice problem, or the healthcare issue you are addressing. You can use these PICO formats as a template for asking PICOT questions. 1. Examining a Diagnosis. Jan 31, 2023 · Frame the question: write out your information need in the form of a question, for example: Does hand washing among healthcare workers reduce hospital acquired infections? The question above includes the PICO elements: [Examples modified and drawn from Glasper, A. and Rees, C. (2013) How to Write Your Nursing Dissertation] The following examples may help you put PICO into practice. Suggestions in the brackets are just extra ideas for what you might want to consider. 1) Isobel is a 45 year old woman who asks you for advice on natural ways of resolving her ...Sep 21, 2019 · The list of PICOT question examples will be incomplete if we didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t mention a question about severe malnutrition. 23. Can antibiotics prevent death and sequelae in kids ... • Discuss the background questions as a group, and look up the answers as needed. • Find the answer to the foreground question, or have everyone write their own PICO question. • Take 5 minutes to look up the PICO answers. • Share the PICO answers and resources used.Sep 21, 2019 · The list of PICOT question examples will be incomplete if we didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t mention a question about severe malnutrition. 23. Can antibiotics prevent death and sequelae in kids ... Jul 17, 2021 · PICOT Question. The emotional wellbeing of mothers is linked to the positive upbringing of children in the first several months of their lives. However, the physical, hormonal, and psychological changes that occur after labor can significantly undermine women’s well-being, with adverse symptoms preventing them from having a positive outlook on lives. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.This section includes the evidence summaries for each key question. It incorporates a summary of the included review for PICO question 1 and the results of the primary reviews (PICO questions 2–6), other relevant evidence (specifically, related guidelines and systematic reviews) and a summary of the evidence-to-decision framework.Table 2.1, PICO questions for the recommendations in women (the general population of women ...The word PICOT is a mnemonic derived from the elements of a clinical research question – patient, intervention, comparison, outcome and (sometimes) time. The PICOT process begins with a case scenario, and the question is phrased to elicit an answer. “The question needs to identify the patient or population we intend to study, the ...PICO Clinical Questions in Obstetrics & Gynaecology Prof Unit Kalubowila. 866 likes · 10 talking about this. Novel concept of Dr Dhammike Silva, Consultant OBGYN, to inspire trainees to approach... PICOT 7 PMTCT What is the most effective antiviral therapy during the third trimester of pregnancy, to reduce transmission of HBsAg? P: Pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy (defined as 27–40 weeks gestation) with chronic hepatitis B virus infection (positive for HBsAg persistently for more than 6 months) (stratified by HBeAg ... Aug 29, 2023 · Foreground questions look for answers to specific patients, problems, types of interventions, and clinical outcomes, and the PICO framework will work well with these questions. Use PICO to write a clear, researchable clinical question. The four elements of PICO break a research topic into searchable keywords and make locating evidence-based ... Jul 26, 2023 · [Examples modified and drawn from Glasper, A. and Rees, C. (2013) How to Write Your Nursing Dissertation] The following examples may help you put PICO into practice. Suggestions in the brackets are just extra ideas for what you might want to consider. 1) Isobel is a 45 year old woman who asks you for advice on natural ways of resolving her ... • Discuss the background questions as a group, and look up the answers as needed. • Find the answer to the foreground question, or have everyone write their own PICO question. • Take 5 minutes to look up the PICO answers. • Share the PICO answers and resources used.Running head: NSG 410 PICOT RESEARCH QUESTION. P Laboring women delivering in a hospital. Problem: Laboring women are constantly urged to use the lithotomy position, but this can sometimes lead to various labor complications.2. Foreground questions are specific knowledge questions . that affect clinical decisions and ; include a broad range of biological, psychological, and sociological issues. Foreground questions are best suited to the PICO model as it captures the essential elements of your information need to help translate that question into a search query. To ...PICO is a popular mnemonic in nursing. P stands for Patient/Problem, I for Intervention, C for Comparison, and O for Outcome. PICOT is used by nursing students to generate answers to seemingly vague questions. PICOT question examples such as “How effective is handwashing in reducing infections?” can be broken down in the following manner: The framework is actually divided into four major elements. A good clinical question will address most, if not all, aspects of the PICO nursing questions. The following are the parameters defined by PICO (T) when it comes to designing of clinical questions: P: Patient, Problem, Population. I: Intervention.PICO Question: Methods Evidence •Kennard, et al (2006) found a significantly higher remission rate in the SSRI + CBT group (37%) relative to the other treatment groups (SSRI 23%; CBT 16%; placebo, 17%). •Suggests combination therapy (SSRI + CBT) is superior to monotherapy, regardless of whether it is SSRI alone or CBT alone.PICO (T) Evidence-based practice uses the PICO (T) model for formulating a searchable question. PICO (T) is a mnemonic used to describe the four elements of a good clinical foreground question: P = Population/Problem. How would I describe the problem or a group of patients similar to mine? I = Intervention.Aug 9, 2023 · PICO Question Template Examples. It can be helpful to classify your question based on the clinical domain(s) it falls under. See below for definitions, PICO templates, and example questions from the primary clinical domains: intervention, diagnosis, etiology, prevention, prognosis/prediction, quality of life/meaning, and therapy. Question: Should women give birth in the lithotomy position because its encourage from their doctors? Or is it more effective to deliver in other positions as their less likely to lead to delivers with forceps or a vacuum? Running head: NSG 410 PICOT RESEARCH QUESTION. References. DiFranco, J. T., & Curl, M. (2014). Jan 31, 2023 · Frame the question: write out your information need in the form of a question, for example: Does hand washing among healthcare workers reduce hospital acquired infections? The question above includes the PICO elements: Jul 24, 2023 · PICO Framework. Without a well-focused question, it can be very difficult and time consuming to identify appropriate resources and search for relevant evidence. Practitioners of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) often use a specialized framework, called PICO, to form the question and facilitate the literature search. 1 PICO stands for: The PICO question in this paper seeked to answer the question: in adult patients without celiac disease or gluten sensitivities, is GF food correlated with higher type 2 diabetes or CVD risk? The question was underpinned by a research study showing an inverse relationship between gluten consumption and type 2 diabetes rates. PICO(T): Definitions and Examples. PICO(T) Model & Question Types; Example 1 - Therapy; Example 2 - Diagnosis/Diagnostic Test; Example 3 - Etiology; Example 4 - Prognosis; Study Designs; Finding Evidence & Information; Critical Appraisal; EBP vs Research vs QI; Journal ClubYour full PICO question is: "Among hospitalized chronic smokers, does a brief educational nursing intervention lead to long term smoking cessation [when compared with no intervention]?" PICO Question ExamplesA good PICO will be specific and define terms and outcomes if necessary. A good PICO will investigate something new in terms of diagnosis, etiology, therapy, harm, etc. A bad PICO is usually a background question disguised as a research question. For example, "what are the effects of Prilosec on patients taking immune suppressants" might seem ...CHAPTER SUB-CHAPTER QUESTION; 3. Problems of the neonate and young infant: 3.1 Routine care of the newborn at delivery: Among healthy newborn infants in low- and middle-income countries (P), does early skin-to-skin contact of the baby with the mother in the first hour of life (I) compared with drying and wrapping (C) have an impact on neonatal mortality, hypothermia or initiation/exclusivity ... Aug 28, 2023 · PICO. PICO is a mnemonic used to help you clarify your clinical question. It acts as a framework, asking you to think specifically about different aspects of what you want to investigate. As you build your PICO, you should make sure that you are clear and specific about what you are looking for. This helps you target the right evidence to use ... PICO: P = population; I = intervention; C = comparator; O = outcome(s)[ref]For further information on the findings of the reviews based on the PICOs presented in this annex, refer to the EtD frameworks in Supplementary material 2.[/ref] Pre-abortion Rhisoimmunization PICO 1: No anti-D administration in unsensitized Rh-negative individuals seeking abortion (see Recommendation 8 [NEW])Aug 18, 2023 · PICOT is different from a standard research question because it is a clinical question. It is composed of various elements that create a framework for research that typical research questions do not usually have. The goal or purpose of PICOT is to ultimately intervene in someone's healthcare. Focus on prevention. Below are examples of nursing related questions: Intervention/Effect/Therapy PICO Question: An example: In adult patients with total hip replacements (Patient population) how effective is early ambulation (Intervention of interest) compared to bed rest (Comparison intervention) on decreasing post-op DVTs (Outcome)? Note: The question may also ...PICO Framework. Without a well-focused question, it can be very difficult and time consuming to identify appropriate resources and search for relevant evidence. Practitioners of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) often use a specialized framework, called PICO, to form the question and facilitate the literature search. 1 PICO stands for:[Examples modified and drawn from Glasper, A. and Rees, C. (2013) How to Write Your Nursing Dissertation] The following examples may help you put PICO into practice. Suggestions in the brackets are just extra ideas for what you might want to consider. 1) Isobel is a 45 year old woman who asks you for advice on natural ways of resolving her ...A simple database search strategy should begin with the AND : cross infection AND (Handwashing OR Hand disinfection) Start with CINAHL or Medline/PubMed as initial article databases for a scoping search for most health sciences questions.PICOT: This evidence-based project answered the following question: In rehabilitation patients, what is the effect of a nurse-driven protocol (NDP) CAUTI bundle on the number of indwelling urinary catheter-related infections, compared to the current practice, over a 12-week time period? Evidence Jan 31, 2023 · Frame the question: write out your information need in the form of a question, for example: Does hand washing among healthcare workers reduce hospital acquired infections? The question above includes the PICO elements: I need a PICO question over either pregnancy, pregnancy complications, postpartum, newborn, premature newborn, anything along those lines. I know how to make a PICO question so I am not asking that. I am just having trouble with this area and exploring things I could do one over and find articles with. Thanks!Jul 6, 2023 · Have two essential components: Example: What causes migraines? or How often should women over the age of 40 have a mammogram? A question root (who, what, when, etc.) with a verb A disorder, test, treatment, or other aspect of healthcare The background question is usually asked because of the need for basic information. This section includes the evidence summaries for each key question. It incorporates a summary of the included review for PICO question 1 and the results of the primary reviews (PICO questions 2–6), other relevant evidence (specifically, related guidelines and systematic reviews) and a summary of the evidence-to-decision framework.Therapy nursing PICOT questions examples include: 12. Use of negative pressure wound therapy on a diabetic patient with stage iii pressure ulcers compared with standard moist wound therapy. 13. Comparing the risks of developing breast cancer among women who use oral contraceptives with those who use IUDs. 14.PICO: P = population; I = intervention; C = comparator; O = outcome(s)[ref]For further information on the findings of the reviews based on the PICOs presented in this annex, refer to the EtD frameworks in Supplementary material 2.[/ref] Pre-abortion Rhisoimmunization PICO 1: No anti-D administration in unsensitized Rh-negative individuals seeking abortion (see Recommendation 8 [NEW]) PICOT 7 PMTCT What is the most effective antiviral therapy during the third trimester of pregnancy, to reduce transmission of HBsAg? P: Pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy (defined as 27–40 weeks gestation) with chronic hepatitis B virus infection (positive for HBsAg persistently for more than 6 months) (stratified by HBeAg ... Components of Pico. P- young adults. I- alcohol consumption. C- no alcohol consumption. O- depression. Exposure: The exposure in this case is alcohol. It is injurious to health and it makes aggressive behavior of people therefore, increasing the level of anxiety. Excessive alcohol intake can interfere with the normal process of development and ...PICO Question: Methods Evidence •Kennard, et al (2006) found a significantly higher remission rate in the SSRI + CBT group (37%) relative to the other treatment groups (SSRI 23%; CBT 16%; placebo, 17%). •Suggests combination therapy (SSRI + CBT) is superior to monotherapy, regardless of whether it is SSRI alone or CBT alone. Sep 24, 2022 · An example of a picot question comparing two groups of people is: Do- (P) Women-(I) Compared to-(C) Men-(O) Have a greater risk for-(T) picot question: Do women, compared to men, have a greater risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease? This picot question is asking about the risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease. Diagnostic OR= (a/b)/ (c/d)=742.9. We would need to perform a test accuracy study to answer our question. The participants would get a mammography (index test) and a biopsy to determine the presence of breast cancer (reference test). Each test would yield a positive or negative test result. Preferably, all patients get both tests, without much ...The PICOT question format is a consistent “formula” for developing answerable, researchable questions. When you write a good one, it makes the rest of the process of finding and evaluating evidence much more straightforward. P: Population/patient – age, gender, ethnicity, individuals with a certain disorder. I: Intervention/indicator ...Aug 17, 2023 · Once you have the components of your PICOT formula, you can frame your question in 6 different ways depending on the goal/target, the nursing practice problem, or the healthcare issue you are addressing. You can use these PICO formats as a template for asking PICOT questions. 1. Examining a Diagnosis. Apr 29, 2011 · I need a PICO question over either pregnancy, pregnancy complications, postpartum, newborn, premature newborn, anything along those lines. I know how to make a PICO question so I am not asking that. I am just having trouble with this area and exploring things I could do one over and find articles with. Thanks! Diagnostic OR= (a/b)/ (c/d)=742.9. We would need to perform a test accuracy study to answer our question. The participants would get a mammography (index test) and a biopsy to determine the presence of breast cancer (reference test). Each test would yield a positive or negative test result. Preferably, all patients get both tests, without much ...Jun 13, 2023 · Example 2. You are working with a recent stroke patient who is having balance issues and you are considering using virtual reality in their therapy. P = recent stroke, balance issues. I = virtual reality. C = no virtual reality. O = improved balance "In recent stroke patients, how does using virtual reality affect or improve balance?" Example 3 25 Clinical Questions and PICO. The use of PICO is very relevant in the construction of your clinical questions. Evidence-based nursing assignments demand you to structure your research questions in accordance with the PICO framework. The PICO framework is divided into four major elements. These elements will help you frame the background ...I need a PICO question over either pregnancy, pregnancy complications, postpartum, newborn, premature newborn, anything along those lines. I know how to make a PICO question so I am not asking that. I am just having trouble with this area and exploring things I could do one over and find articles with. Thanks!PICOT is different from a standard research question because it is a clinical question. It is composed of various elements that create a framework for research that typical research questions do not usually have. The goal or purpose of PICOT is to ultimately intervene in someone's healthcare. Focus on prevention.Diagnostic OR= (a/b)/ (c/d)=742.9. We would need to perform a test accuracy study to answer our question. The participants would get a mammography (index test) and a biopsy to determine the presence of breast cancer (reference test). Each test would yield a positive or negative test result. Preferably, all patients get both tests, without much ...

The author’s goal in posing this PICO question was to determine whether enough evidence exists to support screening adolescents for depression using an appropriate screening tool. This PICO question itself facilitated the search strategy and guided the selection of key words. Search strategy. The author searched multiple databases, including .... Google chat

PICOT: This evidence-based project answered the following question: In rehabilitation patients, what is the effect of a nurse-driven protocol (NDP) CAUTI bundle on the number of indwelling urinary catheter-related infections, compared to the current practice, over a 12-week time period? EvidenceAn example of a picot question comparing two groups of people is: Do- (P) Women-(I) Compared to-(C) Men-(O) Have a greater risk for-(T) picot question: Do women, compared to men, have a greater risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease? This picot question is asking about the risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease.My advice: set your question based upon what you are interested in answering. For example what if you were interested in knowing "How do side effects, both physical and psychological, effect women who have experienced treatment for cervical cancer.."-radiation therapy, sex drive/life, effects of ADL's etc...These are some best examples of PICOT questions for falls. 2) The Prognosis. These questions are used in the following scenarios. Used to determine the potential complications from a specific condition or the clinical course over a particular period. The following is an example of an intervention PICOT question:PICO and 2×2 table for question about test accuracy. Population of interest=women aged 40–74 years without a history of breast cancer. Investigated test result=positive result on mammography. Comparator test result=negative result on mammography. Outcome=breast cancer according to biopsy (or not) View inline.Table 2.1, PICO questions for the recommendations in women (the general population of women ...PICO Question: Methods Evidence •Kennard, et al (2006) found a significantly higher remission rate in the SSRI + CBT group (37%) relative to the other treatment groups (SSRI 23%; CBT 16%; placebo, 17%). •Suggests combination therapy (SSRI + CBT) is superior to monotherapy, regardless of whether it is SSRI alone or CBT alone. 13 examples of PICOT Questions. PICOT question examples emergency nursing. PICOT question examples pregnancy. PICOT question examples hypertension. PICOT question nurse burnout. PICOT question medication errors. PICOT questions for icu nurses. PICOT question childhood obesity.I = Interventions. C = Comparisons. O = Outcomes. Using the earlier example question, we can break it down into a PICO question like this: P = Patient or Problem (young children) I = Interventions (distractions during immunization) C = Comparisons (no distractions/standard care) O = Outcomes (lower pain scores) You may also hear some people use ...Running head: NSG 410 PICOT RESEARCH QUESTION. P Laboring women delivering in a hospital. Problem: Laboring women are constantly urged to use the lithotomy position, but this can sometimes lead to various labor complications.If you are planning to create a systematic review, it is usually best to start with a PICO style question, it provides structure and boundaries to the task. Let’s try: To search for the core topics discussed in your review, you are probably going to want to use a combination of approaches. You are probably going to need to use the subject ...My advice: set your question based upon what you are interested in answering. For example what if you were interested in knowing "How do side effects, both physical and psychological, effect women who have experienced treatment for cervical cancer.."-radiation therapy, sex drive/life, effects of ADL's etc...PICO Question Template Examples. It can be helpful to classify your question based on the clinical domain(s) it falls under. See below for definitions, PICO templates, and example questions from the primary clinical domains: intervention, diagnosis, etiology, prevention, prognosis/prediction, quality of life/meaning, and therapy.Aug 15, 2023 · Background questions ask for general knowledge about an illness, disease, condition, process or thing. These types of questions typically ask who, what, where, when, how & why about things like a disorder, test, or treatment, etc. For example. How overweight is a woman to be considered slightly obese? What are the clinical manifestations of ... PICO. PICO is a mnemonic used to help you clarify your clinical question. It acts as a framework, asking you to think specifically about different aspects of what you want to investigate. As you build your PICO, you should make sure that you are clear and specific about what you are looking for. This helps you target the right evidence to use ...Apr 5, 2023 · Level of Evidence What is a PICO Question? PICO is an acronym used for exploring clinical questions. It serves as a framework for evidence-based practice. P (Problem and Population) What health problem is your selected intervention intended to solve? Identify what population of people will benefit the most from your chosen intervention. Different types of clinical questions are suited to different syntaxes and phrasings, but all will clearly define the PICO elements. The definitions and frames below may be helpful for organizing your question: Intervention/Therapy. Questions addressing how a clinical issue, illness, or disability is treated.PICOT 7 PMTCT What is the most effective antiviral therapy during the third trimester of pregnancy, to reduce transmission of HBsAg? P: Pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy (defined as 27–40 weeks gestation) with chronic hepatitis B virus infection (positive for HBsAg persistently for more than 6 months) (stratified by HBeAg ... 2. Foreground questions are specific knowledge questions . that affect clinical decisions and ; include a broad range of biological, psychological, and sociological issues. Foreground questions are best suited to the PICO model as it captures the essential elements of your information need to help translate that question into a search query. To ...Question 1. Question 2. Question 3. Population. Children <6 years of age. AND. Diagnosed with ADHD or at risk for ADHD or diagnosed with DBD (including ODD and CD by DSM) ≥6 years of age (subjects <6 years are described in Question 1) Diagnosed with ADHD by the DSM or ICD criteria that was in use at the time of the study or of the publication..

Popular Topics